Nutrició esportiva i composició corporal
El nostre grup de recerca ha centrat esforços en la nutrició esportiva i la composició corporal, duent a terme una sèrie d’estudis innovadors que han permès avançar en la comprensió de les interaccions entre dieta, exercici físic, i composició corporal. Utilitzant tècniques d’avantguarda com la bioimpedància elèctrica vectorial (BIVA) i la densitometria per absorciometria dual de rajos X (DXA), hem investigat aspectes claus com els canvis en la composició corporal i l’estat d’hidratació d’esportistes d’alt rendiment en competicions de llarga durada, com ara triatlons i curses de ciclisme.
Aquesta recerca, liderada pel Dr. Alfredo Irurtia i la Dra. Marta Carrasco, s’ha dut a terme al Laboratori de Valoració de la Composició Corporal de l’Escola Catalana de Cineantropometria de l’INEFC, on hem estudiat detalladament l’efecte de la nutrició sobre la composició corporal utilitzant mètodes com el DXA i la BIVA. Aquestes tècniques ens han permès analitzar amb precisió la densitat òssia, el greix i la massa magra, amb l’objectiu d’optimitzar tant l’estat de salut com el rendiment dels esportistes. A més, la institució compta amb reconeixement internacional gràcies a la col·laboració amb la International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK).
Els nostres estudis també han inclòs l’avaluació dels efectes de suplements nutricionals, com el suc de remolatxa, sobre el rendiment esportiu. A més, hem analitzat les necessitats nutricionals específiques de diferents disciplines esportives i desenvolupat equacions per estimar la composició corporal amb la bioimpedància elèctrica. La recerca també ha inclòs l’estudi del comportament nutricional dels ciclistes en curses de relleus de 24 hores i les estratègies d’alimentació en proves d’ultra-resistència.
Finalment, hem contribuït a l’àmbit internacional amb la nostra col·laboració amb la International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), i amb empreses líder en tecnologia de mesura com FAIXAT BODYSCAN SL. Aquests vincles han reforçat la nostra capacitat d’oferir una visió més completa i global de la importància de la nutrició i la composició corporal en el rendiment esportiu. Aquests treballs no només han millorat la comprensió de la relació entre nutrició, composició corporal i rendiment, sinó que també han proporcionat dades valuoses per a la planificació nutricional i la millora continua dels protocols d’entrenament esportiu.
publicacions
Espasa-Labrador, J., Osborne, J. O., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Puigarnau, S., Planas, T., Rosales, Q., Irurtia, A., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2025). Calcaneal Bone Mineral Assessment in Elite Female Trail Runners. Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, 28(1), 101555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101555.
Mascherini, G., Corsi, M., Falconi, E., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Checcucci, P., Pinazzi, A., Russo, D., Gitto, S., Sofi, F., & Stefani, L. (2024). Unsupervised Exercise Intervention vs. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Alone: The Role of Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis and Cardiovascular Performance in Liver-Transplanted Recipients. Nutrients, 16(2), 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020190
Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Pleguezuelos-Cobo, E., Berbel, M., Irurtia, A., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Castizo-Olier, J., Veiga-Herreros, P., Faundez-Zanuy, M., & Serra-Payá, N. (2024). Effects of acute beetroot juice intake on performance, maximal oxygen uptake, and ventilatory efficiency in well-trained master rowers: A randomized, double-blinded crossover study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 21(1), 2373170. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2373170
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Petri, C., Izzicupo, P., Levi Micheli, M., Carrasco-Marginet, M., & Mascherini, G. (2024). Changes in hydration/body cell mass ratio through a rugby season. Sport Sciences for Health, 20 (Suppl 1), 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-024-01174-z
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Levi Micheli, M., Politi, C., Bianchi, E., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Izzicupo, P., & Mascherini, G. (2024). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and track and field jump performance across different specialties: Sex differences and electrode configuration. Physiological Reports, 12(17), e70035. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70035
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Irurtia Amigó, A., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Espasa-Labrador, J., Castizo-Olier, J., Sarola, J., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2024). Assessment of body composition and bioimpedance in runners with Down syndrome: Insights derived from a four-case study. Apunts. Educació Física i Esports. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2024/4).158.01
Campa, F., Coratella, G., Cerullo, G., Noriega, Z., Francisco, R., Charrier, D., Irurtia, A., Lukaski, H., Silva, A. M., & Paoli, A. (2024). High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: A systematic review. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22(1), 515. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05272-x
Silva, A. M., Campa, F., Stagi, S., Gobbo, L. A., Buffa, R., Toselli, S., & Silva, D. A. S., … ,Irurtia, A., Castizo-Olier, J., et al. (2023). The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) international database: Aims, scope, and call for data. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77(12), 1143–1150. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-023-01310-x
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Petri, C., Izzicupo, P., Levi Micheli, M., Cortis, C., Fusco, A., Carrasco-Marginet, M., & Mascherini, G. (2023). In-season longitudinal hydration/body cell mass ratio changes in elite rugby players. Sports, 11(8), 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11080142
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Marini, E., Stagi, S., Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Noriega, Z., Espasa-Labrador, J., & Irurtia, A. (2023). Body fluids and muscle changes in trail runners of various distances. PeerJ, 11, e16563. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16563
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Irurtia, A., Castizo-Olier, J., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Espasa-Labrador, J., Noriega, Z., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2023). Bioelectrical, anthropometric, and hematological analysis to assess body fluids and muscle changes in elite cyclists during the Giro d’Italia. Biology-Basel, 12(3), 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12030450
Irurtia, A., Torres-Mestre, V. M., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Altarriba-Bartés, A., Vives-Usón, M., Cos, F., & Castizo-Olier, J. (2022). Physical fitness and performance in talented and untalented young Chinese soccer players. Healthcare, 10(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010098
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Castellano-Fàbrega, M., Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Serra-Paya, N., & Irurtia, A. (2022). Bioelectrical impedance vector and creatine phosphokinase changes induced by a high-intensity training session in rink hockey players. Applied Sciences, 12(2), 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12020751
Stagi, S., Irurtia, A., Rafel, J. R., Cabras, S., Buffa, R., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Castizo-Olier, J., & Marini, E. (2021). Segmental body composition estimated by specific BIVA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical Nutrition, 40(4), 1621–1627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.043
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Irurtia, A., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Saco-Ledo, G., Girabent-Farrés, M., & Castizo-Olier, J. (2021). Electrical impedance myography in health and physical exercise: A systematic review and future perspectives. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 740877. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.740877
Serra-Payá, N., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Sánchez-Nuño, S., Albesa-Albiol, L., Girabent-Farrés, M., Arcone, L. M., Fernández, A. P., García-Fresneda, A., Castizo-Olier, J., Viñals, X., Molina-Raya, L., & Bataller, M. G. (2021). The relationship between resistance exercise performance and ventilatory efficiency after beetroot juice intake in well-trained athletes. Nutrients, 13(4), 1094. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041094
Carrasco-Marginet, M., & Castizo-Olier, J. (2021). Body composition changes in relation to physical exercise. In E. Marini & S. Toselli (Eds.), Bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition: Applications in sports science (pp. 147-158). UNICApress. https://doi.org/10.13125/unicapress.978-88-3312-033-1
Mascherini, G., Novella, M., Castizo-Olier, J., Badicu, G., Bechi, P., Irurtia, A., Stefani, L., & Taddei, A. (2020). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in renal transplant recipients during an unsupervised physical exercise program. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 60(4), 594–600. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10181-8
Mur Gimeno, E., Campa, F., Badicu, G., Castizo-Olier, J., Palomera-Fanegas, E., & Sebio-Garcia, R. (2020). Changes in muscle contractile properties after cold– or warm-water immersion using tensiomyography: A cross-over randomized trial. Sensors, 20(11), 3193. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20113193
Mascherini, G., Zappelli, E., Castizo-Olier, J., Leone, B., Musumeci, G., Totti, V., Irurtia, A., Roi, G. S., Mosconi, G., Sella, G., Nanni Costa, A., & Stefani, L. (2020). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in renal transplant recipients during an unsupervised physical exercise program. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 60(4), 594–600. DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10181-8
Mascherini, G., Ringressi, M. N., Castizo-Olier, J., Badicu, G., Irurtia, A., Stefani, L., Galanti, G., & Taddei, A. (2020). Preliminary results of an exercise program after laparoscopic resective colorectal cancer surgery in non-metastatic adenocarcinoma: A pilot study of a randomized control trial. Medicina, 56(2), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020078
Pérez-Chirinos Buxadé, C., Solà-Perez, T., Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Roy, A., Marfell-Jones, M., & Irurtia, A. (2018). Assessing subcutaneous adipose tissue by simple and portable field instruments: Skinfolds versus A-mode ultrasound measurements. PLOS ONE, 13(11), e0205226. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205226
Galilea, B., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2018). Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y deporte. In A. Bach-Faig & L. Esquius de la Zarza (Eds.), La alimentación en la actividad física y el deporte (pp. 85-107). Oberta UOC Publishing, SL. https://reader.digitalbooks.pro/book/preview/123536/x02_maqueta_creditos_D?1682251293576
Castizo-Olier, J., Irurtia, A., Jemni, M., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Fernández-García, R., & Rodríguez, F. A. (2018). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in sport and exercise: Systematic review and future perspectives. PLOS ONE, 13(6), e0197957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197957
Bibiloni, M. D. M., Vidal-Garcia, E., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Julibert, A., Pons, A., & Tur-Marí, J. A. (2018). Hydration habits before, during, and after training and competition days among amateur basketball players. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 35, 612-619. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.1462
Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Roy, A., Chaverri, D., Iglesias, X., Pérez-Chirinos, C., Rodríguez, F. A., & Irurtia, A. (2018). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and body mass changes in an ultra-endurance triathlon event. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 17(4), 571–579. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6243631/
Mascherini, G., Castizo-Olier, J., Irurtia, A., Petri, C., & Galanti, G. (2017). Differences between the sexes in athletes’ body composition and lower limb bioimpedance values. Muscle, Ligaments and Tendons Journal, 7(4), 573-581. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29721459/
Carrasco-Marginet, M., Castizo-Olier, J., Rodríguez-Zamora, L., Iglesias, X., Rodríguez, F. A., Chaverri, D., Brotons, D., & Irurtia, A. (2017). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) for measuring the hydration status in young elite synchronized swimmers. PloS One, 12(6), e0178819. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178819
Arbillaga-Etxarri, A., Torrent-Pallicer, J., Gimeno-Santos, E., Barberan-Garcia, A., Delgado, A., Balcells, E., Rodríguez, D. A., Vilaró, J., Vall-Casas, P., Irurtia, A., & Rodriguez-Roisin, R. (2016). Validation of walking trails for the Urban Training™ of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. PloS One, 11(1), e0146705. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146705
Carmona, G., Roca, E., Guerrero, M., Cussó, R., Nescolarde, L., Irurtia, A., Brotons, D., Bedini, J. L., & Cadefau, J. A. (2015). Sarcomere disruptions of slow fiber resulting from mountain ultramarathon. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(8), 1041-1047. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0267
Bescós, R., Rodríguez, F. A., Iglesias, X., Knechtle, B., Benítez, A., Marina, M., Padullès, J. M., Torrado, P., Vázquez, J., & Rosemann, T. (2012). Nutritional behavior of cyclists during a 24-hour team relay race: A field study report. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9 (3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-3
Bescós, R., Rodríguez, F. A., Iglesias, X., Benítez, A., Marina, M., Padullès, J. M., Torrado, P., Vázquez, J., & Knechtle, B. (2012). High energy deficit in an ultraendurance athlete in a 24-hour ultracycling race. Proceedings (Baylor University Medical Center), 25(2), 124-128. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3310508/
Bescós, R., Rodríguez, F. A., Iglesias, X., Knechtle, B., Benítez, A., Marina, M., Padullés, J. M., Vázquez, J., & Torrado, P. (2011). Physiological demands of cyclists during an ultra-endurance relay race: a field study report. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 54(5), 339-346. https://core.ac.uk/display/11283936.
Bescós, R., Rodríguez, F. A., Iglesias, X., Ferrer, M. D., Iborra, E., & Pons, A. (2011). Acute administration of inorganic nitrate reduces VO₂peak in endurance athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(10), 1979-1986. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318217d439
Bescós, R., & Rodríguez, F. A. (2011). Low levels of vitamin D in professional basketball players after wintertime: Relationship with dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 26(5), 945-951. https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S0212-16112011000500004&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en.
Irurtia, A., Busquets, A., Carrasco, M., Ferrer, B., & Marina, M. (2010). Control de la flexibilidad en jóvenes gimnastas de competición mediante el método trigonométrico: un año de seguimiento. Apunts de Medicina del Deporte, 45(168), 235-242. DOI: 10.1016/j.apunts.2010.05.003
Porta, J., Bescós, R., Irurtia, A., Cacciatori, E., & Vallejo, L. (2009). Assessment of body fat in physically active young people: Anthropometry vs bioimpedance. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 24(5), 529-534. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2009.24.5.4463
Irurtia, A., Pons, V., Busquets, A., Marina, M., Carrasco, M., & Rodríguez, L. (2009). Talla, peso, somatotipo y composición corporal en gimnastas de élite españolas desde la infancia hasta la edad adulta. Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 95, 64-74. Disponible en https://revista-apunts.com/talla-peso-somatotipo-y-composicion-corporal-en-gimnastas-de-elite-espanolas-gimnasia-ritmica-desde-la-infancia-hasta-la-edad-adulta/
Irurtia, A., Busquets, A., Marina, M., Galilea, P. A., & Carrasco, M. (2009). Height, weight, somatotype and body composition in elite Spanish gymnasts from childhood to adulthood. Apunts. Medicina de l’Esport, 44(161), 18-28. https://www.apunts.org/en-pdf-13135386
Bescos, R., Esteve, M., Porta, J., Mateu, M., & Irurtia, A. (2009). Prenatal programming of sporting success: Associations of digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker for prenatal androgen action, with world rankings in female fencers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(6), 625-632. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802707029
Irurtia, A., Busquets, A., Marina, M., Pons, V., & Carrasco, M. (2008). Talla, peso, somatotipo y composición corporal en gimnastas de élite españoles desde la infancia hasta la edad adulta. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 25(126), 259-269. https://archivosdemedicinadeldeporte.com/articulos/upload/original_talla_259_126.pdf
Iglesias, X. (Ed.). (2008). Fencing, Science & Technology. Proceedings of the 1st International Congress on Science and Technology in Fencing. Generalitat de Catalunya – INEF Catalunya. ISBN: 978-84-691-0158-2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258835066_Fencing_Science_Technology_Proceedings_of_the_1st_International_Congress_on_Science_and_Technology_in_Fencing#fullTextFileContent
Carrasco, M., Irurtia, A., Pons, V., Iglesias, X., Vidal, E., & Brotons, D. (2008). Nutritional assessment of dietary habits in young competitive fencers. Medicina de l’Esport, 43(159), 118-126. https://www.apunts.org/en-nutritional-assessment-dietary-habits-in-articulo-resumen-13126392
CONGRESSOS
Irurtia, A., Espasa-Labrador, J., Noriega, Z., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Puigarnau, S., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2022,14-16 de julio). Metabolismo Óseo y Perfil Hormonal en Corredoras de Montaña [Comunicación oral]. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 2(S1), 130. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk22S1. ISAK, Alacant, España.
Irurtia, A., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Castizo-Olier, J., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Espasa-Labrador, J., & Noriega, Z. (2022, 14-16 de julio). Anthropometric and physical fitness differences in talented vs untalented young soccer players [Comunicación oral]. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 2(S1), 7. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk22S1. ISAK, Alacant, España.
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Iglesias, X., Chaverri, D., Montraveta, J., Noriega, Z., Espasa-Labrador, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., & Irurtia, A. (2022, 21-22 octubre). Caracterización bioeléctrica de corredores de montaña experimentados. Primer Congreso Iberoamericano de Antropometría Aplicada. Red Iberoamericana de Investigadores en Antropometría Aplicada y Universidad de Almería. Almería, España.
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Garnacho, M. V., Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Espasa-Labrador, J., Noriega, Z., & Irurtia, A. (2022, agosto 30 – septiembre 2). Whole-body and muscle-localized bioelectrical impedance vector migration over a Giro d’Italia pro race [Comunicación oral]. 27th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, España.
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Castizo-Olier, J., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Serra-Paya, N., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Noriega, Z., & Irurtia, A. (2022, 14-16 de julio). Whole-Body and Muscle-Localised Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Migration Induced by A High-Intensity Rink Hockey Training Session [Comunicación oral]. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 2(S1), 57-59. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk22S1. ISAK, Alacant, España.
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Castizo-Olier, J., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Serra-Paya, N., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Noriega, Z., & Irurtia, A. (2022, 14-16 de julio). Inter- and Intra-Limb Symmetry Analysed By Muscle-Localised Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (ML-BIVA) In Elite Soccer Players [Comunicación oral]. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 2(S1), 40. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk22S1. ISAK, Alacant, España
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Castizo-Olier, J., Carrasco-Marginet, M., Espasa-Labrador, J., Noriega, Z., & Irurtia, A. (2022, 29-29 de abril). Muscle-Localized bioelectrical changes over a Giro d’Italia Pro race [Comunicación oral]. 15th Baltic Sport Science Conference “Challenges and Solutions in Sport Science”. ICSSPE, Lituania.
Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Garnacho, M. V., Castizo-Olier, J., Irurtia, A., & Carrasco-Marginet, M. (2022, 1-10 de abril). Cambios bioeléctricos en sujetos con claudicación intermitente tras 8 semanas de entrenamiento: estudio preliminar [Póster]. VIII Congreso Internacional de Readaptación y Prevención de Lesiones en la Actividad Física y el Deporte y 6º Congreso Internacional de Salud y Ejercicio Físico. Virtual, NSCA Spain, FUNIBER.
Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Cebrián-Ponce, Á., Palau-Salvà, G., Ruiz-Hermosel, M., Serra-Payá, N., Gomis, M., Pleguezuelos, E., & Molina-Raya, L. (2020, 28-30 de octubre). Effects of beetroot juice intake on performance, hormonal and mechanical responses in well-trained CrossFit practitioners. 25th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. European College of Sport Science, Sevilla, España.
Carrasco-Marginet, M., Castizo-Olier, J., Iglesias, X., Rodríguez, F. A., Chaverri, D., & Irurtia, A. (2016). Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) for monitoring hydration status in young competitive synchronized swimmers. World Conference on Kinanthropometry and Body Composition ISAK-UADY 2016, Mérida, México.
Carrasco, M., Irurtia, A., Rodríguez-Zamora, L., Iglesias, X., Brotons, D., Vidal, E., & Rodríguez, F. A. (2013). Body composition and nutritional status in elite synchronized swimmers. 18th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, INEFC Barcelona, 26-29 de junio 2013.
Carrasco, M., Irurtia, A., Rodríguez-Zamora, L., Iglesias, X., Brotons, D., Vidal, E., & Rodríguez, F. A. (2013). Changes in the whole-body bioelectrical impedance vector induced by training in young elite synchronized swimmers: Preliminary results. 18th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, INEFC Barcelona, 26-29 de junio 2013.